|
Name
|
Anchisaurus (Yaleosaurus)
|
|
Meaning
|
Near lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
AN-key-SAWR-us
|
|
Found in
|
Connecticut
and Massachusetts, USA
|
|
Anatomy
|
Leaf-shaped
teeth with serrated edges spaced out along the jaw.
Lightly built
skull with a blunt front. Lightly built,
agile Long tail Long neck Large eyes Hind legs
larger then front legs. 5 toes on
slender foot |
|
Length
|
2.5 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
30-70 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Quadruped
that could also walk on two legs.
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
(plants)
|
|
Time period
|
Early Jurassic
(200-190 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Prosauropods
|
|
Remains
|
Almost
complete fossils have
Been
found in Connecticut and Massachusetts |
|
Name
|
Coelphysis
|
|
Meaning
|
Hollow
form
|
|
Pronunciation
|
See-LOH-fiss-iss
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Built for
speed and agility.
Powerful hollow hind legs and long thin body. Long narrow head, large eyes and mouth filled with sharp teeth. Its front legs were small and were probably used for clawing and grasping at food. |
|
Length
|
3 meters
|
|
Height
|
About 2
meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
27 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(vertebrates)
|
|
Time period
|
Triassic
(225-220 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard-hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Saurischia
|
|
Remains
|
Complete
skeleton was found in 1947.
|
|
Name
|
Compsognathus
|
|
Meaning
|
Pretty
jaw
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Comp-so-g-Nath-us
|
|
Found in
|
Europe
|
|
Anatomy
|
Small,
pointed head, and sharp teeth.
Long flexible
tail took up more then half of its length and helped to keep its balance. Long thin
powerful hind legs Three toed
feet Short arms
with two clawed fingers on each hand. |
|
Length
|
0.7-1.4
meters
|
|
Height
|
About 0.7
meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
3.6 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivorous
(vertebrates)
|
|
Time period
|
Jurassic
(145-140 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard-hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Theropod
|
|
Remains
|
In 1850's
an almost complete skeleton was found in limestone. Only the tip of its
tail was missing.
|
|
Name
|
Deinonychus
|
|
Meaning
|
Terrible
claw
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Die-NON-I-kuss
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Two powerful
hind legs
the slender neck was curved and flexible. Had large eyes of a predator. Had a large head and jaws. The skull was lightly built and its jaws were packed with sharp teeth that had serrated edges and which curved backward inside its mouth. |
|
Length
|
3 meters
|
|
Height
|
1.5 meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
75 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(vertebrates, plant eating dinosaurs)
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(110-100 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Theropod
|
|
Remains
|
Skull,
limbs, and backbone in 1931, in 1964 several nearly complete skeletons
were discovered in the same area.
|
|
Name
|
Draidosaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Dravidanadu
[the name of the southern part of India] Lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
druh-VID-oh-SAWR-us
|
|
Found in
|
India
|
|
Anatomy
|
A small,
narrow head with a pointed beak, and perhaps some armored plates.
|
|
Length
|
3 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
|
|
Locomotion
|
Swimming
reptile
|
|
Food preference
|
|
|
Time period
|
Late Cretaceous
period (88.5-87.5 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Plesiosaur
|
|
Remains
|
|
|
Name
|
Dromaeosuarus
|
|
Meaning
|
Running
lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
DROM-ee-oh-saw-russ
|
|
Found in
|
North
America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Back foot
had large claw for kicking
Small razor-sharp
backward curving teeth |
|
Length
|
1.8 meters
|
|
Height
|
About
0.8 meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About
15 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(vertebrates)
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(76-74 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Theropod
|
|
Remains
|
A
recent Chinese fossil revealed what is perhaps downy feathers on a new
dromaeosaurid
|
|
Name
|
Eoraptor
|
|
Meaning
|
Dawn thief
|
|
Pronunciation
|
ee-oh-rap-tor
|
|
Found in
|
Patagonia,
Argentina, South America
|
|
Anatomy
|
It had
light, hollow bones, a long head with dozens of small, sharp teeth, and
five fingers on its hands (two of the fingers on each hand were very small)
|
|
Length
|
1 meter
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(scavenger)
|
|
Time period
|
Triassic
period (228 million years)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Theropod
|
|
Remains
|
It was
first found by Ricardo Martinez in 1991 in Argentina, South America, in
the Ischigualasto Basin. This area was a river valley during the late Triassic
period but is a dry, eroding desert badlands today. Eoraptor was found
in the same rock formation that yielded Herrerasaurus, another very early
theropod. Three specimens have been found, all in the Ischigualasto Basin.
|
|
Name
|
Herrerasaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Herrera’s
lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
|
|
Found in
|
South America,
Argentina
|
|
Anatomy
|
Long curved
pointed teeth
Small hands
with sharp claws Long hid
legs Big feet |
|
Length
|
3 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
|
|
Locomotion
|
bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
|
|
Time period
|
Late Triassic
(230-220 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Saurapod
|
|
Remains
|
|
|
Name
|
Hypsilophodon
|
|
Meaning
|
High-ridge
tooth
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Hip-sill-OH-fo-don
|
|
Found in
|
Europe,
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Short thigh
and long shin shows that it could take long strides and run fast.
It was horny
beaked, with broad, chisel-like teeth. |
|
Length
|
2 meters
|
|
Height
|
About 0.8
meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About 50
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivorous
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(125 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird-hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithopod
|
|
Remains
|
Many skeletons
found on the Isle of Wight.
|
|
Name
|
Kentrosaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Spiked
Lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
ken-troh-sore-us
|
|
Found in
|
Tendagura,
Tanzania
|
|
Anatomy
|
Its small
brain was the size of a walnut. Its skull was long and narrow, with a toothless
beak and small cheek teeth. Its head was carried close to the ground. It
had hoof-like claws on its toes.
A pattern
of spikes down the back, the frontal spikes are plate-like, which gradually
change to narrow spikes. There are tow spikes diagonally backward from
the pelvis. Since these were not attached to its bones, no one is sure
exactly how they were positioned. |
|
Length
|
2.5 to
5 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
2 tons
|
|
Locomotion
|
Quadruped
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
(low-lying plants)
|
|
Time period
|
Late Jurassic
(150-140 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Stegosaurids
|
|
Remains
|
Kentrosaurus
fossils have been found in Tendaguru, Tanzania, Africa. Kentrosaurus was
named in 1915 by Edwin Hennig.
|
|
Name
|
Leaellynasaura
|
|
Meaning
|
Named after
Leaellyn Rich, the daughter of the paleontologist Tom Rich, and Patricia
Vickers who found the skill.
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Lee-EL-in-a-SAW-rah
|
|
Found in
|
Australia,
Antarctica
|
|
Anatomy
|
Unusually
large eye-socks, and two bumps further back for the optic nerve.
|
|
Length
|
Up to 2
meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
Up to 10
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(112 – 104 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard-hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithropod
|
|
Remains
|
Well preserved
skull
|
|
Name
|
Lesothosaurus (Fabrosaurus)
|
|
Meaning
|
Lizard
from Lesotho
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Le-soo-too-sore-us
|
|
Found in
|
Africa
|
|
Anatomy
|
Flexible
neck and small triangular eyes
Sharp pointed
incisors (front teeth) Cheek teeth
in the shape of arrowheads Short arms
with five fingers on each hand Long hind
legs Each foot
had four toes Long pointed
tail. Light weight
body |
|
Length
|
1 meter
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
30 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
(low growing plants)
|
|
Time period
|
Early Jurassic
(200 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithischia
|
|
Remains
|
Fragments
of jaw with three teeth were found in the early 1960’s.
|
|
Name
|
Massosphodylus
|
|
Meaning
|
Massive
vertebrae
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Mass-oh-Spon-di-lus
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Had stomach
stones to grind food
|
|
Length
|
4 meters
|
|
Height
|
1 meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About 70
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Quadruped
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
(tough plant material)
|
|
Time period
|
Triassic
(208-204 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Prosauropod
|
|
Remains
|
Paleontologist
Richard Owen in 1854, based on vertebrae found in South Africa named Massospondylus.
Many Massospondylus fossils have been found in Africa (in Namibia, Zimbabwe
and South Africa) and North America (in Arizona).
|
|
Name
|
Mussaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Mouse reptile
|
|
Pronunciation
|
moo-SAWR-us
|
|
Found in
|
South America,
Argentina
|
|
Anatomy
|
Smallest
of any dinosaur
Long neck,
long tail, a small head with a long snout, and large, five-fingered hands
with a large thumb claw (and smaller claws on the other fingers). Its back
legs were larger than its front legs. |
|
Length
|
20 centimeters
to 3 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
120 kg
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
(conifers and cycads)
|
|
Time period
|
Late Triassic
(215 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
Hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Saurischian
|
|
Remains
|
Ten fragmentary
juvenile fossils, 4 skulls, and eggs have been found in the El Tranquilo
Formation, Santa Cruz, Argentina
|
|
Name
|
Orodromeus
|
|
Meaning
|
Mountain
runner
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Or-odd-rom-Ay-us
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Horny beak,
grinding teeth
|
|
Length
|
2.5 meters
|
|
Height
|
About 1
meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About 50
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
(tough plant material)
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(74 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
|
|
Remains
|
|
|
Name
|
Ornitholestes
|
|
Meaning
|
Robber
bird
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Or-ni-thoe-les-teez
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Strong
Jaws
Powerful
grasping hands |
|
Length
|
2 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
12 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(small animals, frogs, lizard, mammals)
|
|
Time period
|
Late Jurassic
(160-145 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Coelurosaus
|
|
Remains
|
Ornitholestes
fossils have been found in Wyoming and Utah, USA. Ornitholestes was first
described and named by the US paleontologist Henry
F. Osborn
in 1903. |
|
Name
|
Oviraptor
|
|
Meaning
|
Egg thief
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Oh-vee-RAP-tor
|
|
Found in
|
Asia
|
|
Anatomy
|
Beak, no
teeth Curved upper and lower jaws could crush even hard objects. Short
stump of a horn on its nose.
Long tail was used for balance when attacking prey and when running. Its slender powerful legs were ideal for high-speed pursuit. Three-toed feet with claws. Three long fingers and nails on each hand that were used for grasping its prey. |
|
Length
|
1.8 meters
|
|
Height
|
About 0.8
meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About 20
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Omnivore
(hard fruits, eggs, and possibly shellfish)
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(70-65 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Theropod
|
|
Remains
|
Scientist
first found Oviraptor lying on a batch of eggs that were thought to belong
to Protoceratops. Modern scientific techniques have been used to examine
the embryo inside the eggs. Oviraptor is now known to have been lying on
its own un-hatched young.
|
|
Name
|
Proceritops
|
|
Meaning
|
First horned
face
|
|
Pronunciation
|
pro-oe-ser-a-tops
|
|
Found in
|
Mongolia,
Asia
|
|
Anatomy
|
Bill-like
mouth
Wide neck
frill that grew out of its big, heavy skull. Powerful
jaw muscles to frill to help chew food. Making it harder for predators
to attack it. Had a clawed
foot. Longer back
legs, which were powerful. Shorter front
legs with five toes. Bump on the
snout may have been used for protection or mating. |
|
Length
|
2.7 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
180 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Quadruped
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
|
|
Time period
|
Late cretaceous
(about 70 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithiscia
|
|
Remains
|
The first
fossilized eggs found in 1923 in Mongolia.
|
|
Name
|
Psittacosaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Parrot
lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Sit-ak-oh-sore-us
|
|
Found in
|
Asia
|
|
Anatomy
|
Square
skill and horny bill shaped like that of a parrot
Powerful
lower jaw muscles were anchored to a ridge of bone at the back of the head. Long neck,
and long legs. |
|
Length
|
2.5 meters
|
|
Height
|
1 meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About 50
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
or quadruped
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(130-90 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithopod
|
|
Remains
|
Two almost
complete skeletons.
|
|
Name
|
Saurornithoides
|
|
Meaning
|
Bird-like
lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Sore-or-nay-thus-dies
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Large brain
Slender body Saucer like
eyes It had eyes faced partly forward while most dinosaurs had eyes on
the side of their head. Small sharp
teeth serrated only on posterior edges. The foot
has a slightly enlarged claw The enlarged
middle ear cavity and other ear-related structures indicate that Saurornithoides
had a highly developed auditory system. |
|
Length
|
2 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
13-27 kilometers
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(small reptiles and mammals)
|
|
Time period
|
Late cretaceous
(95-72 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Deinonychosauria,
Troodontidae
|
|
Remains
|
No complete,
or even nearly complete skeleton is known today.
|
|
Name
|
Stenonychosaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Narrow
claw lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
ste-NON-ik-oh-SAWR-us
|
|
Found in
|
Dinosaur
Provincial Park, Alberta North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Credited
as the most intelligent dinosaurs.
Relatively
large brain Large eyes Slender flexible
fingers Light body Small sharp
teeth. |
|
Length
|
2 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(mammals)
|
|
Time period
|
Late cretaceous
(85-80 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Saurornithodids
|
|
Remains
|
|
|
Name
|
Troodon
|
|
Meaning
|
Wounding
tooth
|
|
Pronunciation
|
TRO-oh-don
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Relatively
large brain, large eyes and stereoscopic vision.
Lightly built but agile, could run faster then most other dinosaurs of the time. Had excellent co-ordination and vision. |
|
Length
|
2 meters
|
|
Height
|
1-1.5 meters
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
About 40
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(small vertebrates, Lizards, mammals)
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(76-74 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Theropod
|
|
Remains
|
1982 scientist
in Alberta, Canada uncovered the fossilized brain case.
|
|
Name
|
Utahraptor
|
|
Meaning
|
Robber
from Utah
|
|
Pronunciation
|
YOO-tah-RAP-tor
|
|
Found in
|
North America
|
|
Anatomy
|
Lager eyes,
long grasping hands and powerfully clawed feet.
Wickedly
hooked slashing claw on each foot The toe joint
is specially enlarged so that its massive claw could be raised up ward
and backward to avoid damage while running. |
|
Length
|
Up to 6.5
meters long
|
|
Height
|
Up to 2
meters high
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
Up to almost
a ton
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
|
|
Time period
|
Cretaceous
(112-110 million years)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Dromaeosaur
–“swift lizards”
|
|
Remains
|
Well-preserved
skeleton in Utah and fragmentary remains form South America.
|
|
Name
|
Velociraptor
|
|
Meaning
|
Quick plunderer
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Vel-oh-see-rap-tor
|
|
Found in
|
Mongolia,
Asia
|
|
Anatomy
|
Its head
was about 7 inches (18 cm) long.
Flat
snout Long jaws
Sharp teeth Curved teeth in a long, some of the teeth were over an inch
(2.5 cm) long. Shorter front
legs with three claws Large brain
cavity Longer hind
legs with powerful muscles This predator
had an s-shaped neck, long thin legs, and arms with three-fingered clawed
hands and four-toed clawed feet. Third and forth toes used to bear weight.
The second toe had a long sharp curved claw. This toe was lifted back while
running |
|
Length
|
1.8 meters
|
|
Height
|
1 meter
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
7 to 15
kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Carnivore
(Proceratops)
|
|
Time period
|
Late cretaceous
(about 70 million years ago.)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Lizard
hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Surischia
|
|
Remains
|
Velociraptor
was first found and described by paleontologist H. F. Osborn in Mongolia
in 1924. About a dozen Velociraptor fossils have been found, including
one who died in a battle to the death with Protoceratops and two hatchling
Velociraptor skulls that were found near an oviraptorid nest in Mongolia
(they may have been a meal). Fossils have been found in Mongolia, Russia,
and China
|
|
Name
|
Wannanosaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Wannan
lizard named for the place of origin.
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Wan-an-oh-sore-us
|
|
Found in
|
China
|
|
Anatomy
|
Small flat
head with a thick bony skull and a tiny brain.
Diagnostic
features include low, fan-shaped dietary crowns with marked median eminence
on the lateral crown surface and the extreme flexure of the humorous. Many teeth
insides its mouth. |
|
Length
|
60 centimeters
|
|
Height
|
Unknown
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
Unknown
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
|
|
Time period
|
Cretacious
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped.
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithischia
|
|
Remains
|
Partial
skull roof, mandible, post cranial fragments, Vertebrae and limb bones.
|
|
Name
|
Xiaosaurus
|
|
Meaning
|
Dawn lizard
|
|
Pronunciation
|
Shee-ah-oh-sore-us
|
|
Found in
|
Asia
|
|
Anatomy
|
Large eyes
Cheek teeth
that are shaped like leaves |
|
Length
|
1.5 meters
|
|
Height
|
|
|
Weight
(mass)
|
40 kilograms
|
|
Locomotion
|
Bipedal
|
|
Food preference
|
Herbivore
|
|
Time period
|
Middle
Jurassic (165 million years ago)
|
|
Type of
hip
|
Bird hipped
|
|
Dinosaur
group
|
Ornithischia
|
|
Remains
|
Single
incomplete skeleton. Found in the early 1980’s. A few teeth and part of
the skull were found.
|